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Selection of joint bearing configuration method
2025-04-25
Usually, a shaft is supported by two bearings in both radial and axial directions. In this case, the bearing on one side is called a fixed side bearing, which bears both radial and axial loads and plays a role in fixing the relative axial displacement between the shaft and the bearing housing. The other side is called the free side, which only bears radial loads and can move relative to each other in the axial direction, in order to solve the problem of shaft expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes and the spacing error of bearing installation.
For fixed side bearings, it is necessary to choose available rolling surfaces that can move axially (such asCylindrical roller bearing）Roewe bearings or bearings that move on assembly surfaces (such as radial ball bearings). On a relatively short shaft, when there is little difference between the fixed side and the free side, use bearings that only move axially in one direction (such as radial thrust ball bearings).
high speedSpherical Plain BearingWhen considering the fit and clearance of high-speed bearings, the following two points should be taken into account:
(1) The changes in size and hardness when rising from room temperature to high temperature;
(2) The changes in force system and shape caused by centrifugal force at high speeds.
In short, it is difficult to maintain the accuracy and performance of bearings in terms of fit and clearance selection under high-speed and high-temperature conditions.
In order to ensure minimal deformation of the raceway after the installation of the joint bearing, the interference fit should not be too large, and the centrifugal force at high speed and thermal expansion at high temperature may offset the normal pressure on the mating surface. Or it may cause the mating surface to loosen, so the interference fit must be carefully calculated while considering the above two factors. Effective interference fit at room temperature and speed may be ineffective for high-speed bearings.
If the contradiction in the calculation result is too great (usually only at ultra-high speeds), only a dual lubrication measure of using both under ring lubrication and static pressure lubrication can be adopted, which may make the DMN value of the bearing exceed the 3 million mark.
When considering the clearance of high-speed bearings, not only the above factors should be taken into account, but also the influence of shaft thermal elongation on clearance. It is required that the bearing has the best clearance under working conditions, that is, at working temperature, and this clearance is formed in a state of precise alignment of the center of the inner and outer ring ball grooves. Due to the efforts of high-speed bearings to reduce relative sliding and internal friction, it is best not to adjust the clearance of ball bearings by using the method of axial relative displacement of the inner and outer rings.
ConsideringaxlebearWhen coordinating the interference fit and clearance, attention should be paid to the characteristic of the material becoming soft and easily deformed at high temperatures, as well as the possibility of permanent deformation caused by multiple temperature changes from room temperature to high temperature.
For fixed side bearings, it is necessary to choose available rolling surfaces that can move axially (such asCylindrical roller bearing）Roewe bearings or bearings that move on assembly surfaces (such as radial ball bearings). On a relatively short shaft, when there is little difference between the fixed side and the free side, use bearings that only move axially in one direction (such as radial thrust ball bearings).
high speedSpherical Plain BearingWhen considering the fit and clearance of high-speed bearings, the following two points should be taken into account:
(1) The changes in size and hardness when rising from room temperature to high temperature;
(2) The changes in force system and shape caused by centrifugal force at high speeds.
In short, it is difficult to maintain the accuracy and performance of bearings in terms of fit and clearance selection under high-speed and high-temperature conditions.
In order to ensure minimal deformation of the raceway after the installation of the joint bearing, the interference fit should not be too large, and the centrifugal force at high speed and thermal expansion at high temperature may offset the normal pressure on the mating surface. Or it may cause the mating surface to loosen, so the interference fit must be carefully calculated while considering the above two factors. Effective interference fit at room temperature and speed may be ineffective for high-speed bearings.
If the contradiction in the calculation result is too great (usually only at ultra-high speeds), only a dual lubrication measure of using both under ring lubrication and static pressure lubrication can be adopted, which may make the DMN value of the bearing exceed the 3 million mark.
When considering the clearance of high-speed bearings, not only the above factors should be taken into account, but also the influence of shaft thermal elongation on clearance. It is required that the bearing has the best clearance under working conditions, that is, at working temperature, and this clearance is formed in a state of precise alignment of the center of the inner and outer ring ball grooves. Due to the efforts of high-speed bearings to reduce relative sliding and internal friction, it is best not to adjust the clearance of ball bearings by using the method of axial relative displacement of the inner and outer rings.
ConsideringaxlebearWhen coordinating the interference fit and clearance, attention should be paid to the characteristic of the material becoming soft and easily deformed at high temperatures, as well as the possibility of permanent deformation caused by multiple temperature changes from room temperature to high temperature.
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